• When voiding problems are severe and there is no time to wait, a transurethral prostatectomy (TURP) will 
  produce immediate relief of urinary obstruction. Incontinence (leakage of urine) is a risk in TURP because the 
  tumor may extend to the urethral sphincter muscle and prevent the canal from closing properly.
• Pain in areas of bone involved by tumor and that does not respond to hormonal therapy is best treated by 
  external beam radiation to the area of pain. Relief is often felt within days.
• Observation without further immediate treatment may be suitable for selected patients who have no 
  symptoms.
• External beam irradiation for possible cure in highly selected Stage D-1 patients, since patients with this limited
  Stage D disease will occasionally respond to external beam radiation to the prostate and pelvic area. Cure is
  rare.

Five-Year Survival  55 percent for D-0, 40 percent for D-1, 35 percent for D-2 and D-3

Investigational 
• Combination hormonal manipulation with LH-RH agonists and progestational agents.
• Chemotherapy protocols.